USAGE DES RÉSEAUX SOCIAUX, PERCEPTIONS ET EFFETS PSYCHOSOCIAUX CHEZ LES ADOLESCENTS À KINSHASA (RDC) : UNE ÉTUDE TRANSVERSALE DANS LA LOCALITÉ DE DELVAUX
Abstract
L'essor des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) a profondément transformé les modes de communication et de socialisation des jeunes adolescents. Les réseaux sociaux occupent aujourd'hui une place centrale dans leur quotidien en offrant de nombreuses possibilités d'échanges, d'information et de divertissement. Toutefois, leur utilisation intensive soulève également des préoccupations majeures quant à leurs répercussions sur la santé mentale et le bien-être psychosocial des adolescents. Cette étude transversale et descriptive a pour objectif d'analyser l'usage, les perceptions et les effets psychosociaux perçus de l'utilisation des réseaux sociaux chez les adolescents de la localité de Delvaux (commune de Ngaliema, Kinshasa). L'enquête s'appuie sur un questionnaire structuré administré auprès d'un échantillon de convenance de 105 adolescents. La cohérence interne de l'instrument a été validée par l'Alpha de Cronbach (α = 0,82), et les analyses statistiques associent descriptions fréquentielles et tests inférentiels du Chi² (χ²). Les résultats révèlent une utilisation prédominante de Facebook (31,4%) et de TikTok (26,7%), 67,6% des enquêtés déclarant être connectés en permanence. La principale motivation d'usage réside dans le maintien des liens d'amitié (72,4%). Sur le plan psychosocial, si les répondants reconnaissent des bénéfices significatifs en matière de renforcement du lien social (78,1%) et d'expression personnelle (19,0 %), ils identifient la comparaison sociale défavorable comme le principal risque (83,8 %). En outre, le test du Chi² confirme une association statistiquement significative entre une exposition temporelle intensive et la présence d'anxiété ou de dépression (χ² = 3,92 ; p = 0,047). L'étude conclut à la nécessité urgente de développer des programmes d'éducation au numérique et d'accompagnement psychosocial adaptés aux réalités urbaines de Kinshasa.
The rapid development of information and communication technologies has profoundly transformed adolescent communication and socialization. Social media platforms now play a pivotal role in daily life, providing opportunities for interaction, entertainment, and self-expression. However, intensive social media engagement raises growing concerns regarding adolescent mental health and psychosocial well-being. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine social media practices, perceptions, and perceived psychosocial effects among adolescents residing in the Delvaux neighbourhood (Ngaliema Municipality, Kinshasa). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered to a convenience sample of 105 adolescents. The instrument's internal consistency was confirmed with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of α = 0.82. Statistical analysis combined descriptive metrics and inferential Chi-square (χ²) tests. Findings indicate that Facebook (31.4%) and TikTok (26.7%) are the most frequently used platforms, with 67.6% of respondents reporting continuous daily connectivity. Maintaining peer relationships emerged as the primary motivation (72.4%). Psychosocially, while participants acknowledged major benefits such as social connection (78.1%) and self-expression (19.0%), social comparison was identified as the predominant negative effect (83.8%). Furthermore, Chi-square testing demonstrated a statistically significant association between intensive daily engagement and anxiety or depression symptoms (χ² = 3.92; p = 0.047). The study highlights the urgent need for digital literacy initiatives and psychosocial support tailored to urban Sub-Saharan African contexts.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Allport, G. W. (1935). Handbook of social psychology. Clark University Press. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1935-19907-010
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall. Retrieved from https://books.google.ro/books/about/Social_Foundations_of_Thought_and_Action.html?id=HJhqAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y
Boyd, D. (2014). It's complicated: The social lives of networked teens. Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300166439
Castells, M. (2010). The rise of the network society (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781444319514
Dumas, T. M., Davis, J. P., & MacDonald, S. (2023). Gender differences in visual social media usage and body image dissatisfaction among early adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 52(4), 789–802.
Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1992-98849-000
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. W. W. Norton. Retrieved from https://books.google.ro/books/about/Identity_Youth_and_Crisis.html?id=v3XWH2PDLewC&redir_esc=y
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Addison-Wesley. Retrieved from https://books.google.ro/books/about/Belief_Attitude_Intention_and_Behavior.html?id=8o0QAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y
Mwangi, P., Kinyua, J., & Omwenga, E. (2022). Mobile phone usage patterns and academic focus among secondary school students in Nairobi, Kenya. Computers in Human Behavior, 131, 107-118.
Nogueira, M., Silva, R., & Santos, C. (2024). Social comparison, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms on TikTok and Instagram: A cross-cultural analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 112-129.
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill. Retrieved from https://books.google.ro/books/about/Psychometric_Theory.html?id=r0fuAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y
Odgers, C. L., & Jensen, M. R. (2020). Adolescent mental health in the digital age: Facts, fears, and future directions. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61(3), 336-348. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13190
Olatunji, O. A., & Adebayo, S. (2023). Social media engagement and psychological well-being among adolescents in Lagos: A structural equation modeling approach. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 412–425. https://doi.org/10.47392/IRJAEM.2024.0518
Rosenberg, M. J., & Hovland, C. I. (1960). Cognitive, affective and behavioral components of attitudes. In C. I. Hovland & M. J. Rosenberg (Eds.), Attitude organization and change (pp. 1-14). Yale University Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.ro/books/about/Attitude_Organisation_and_Change.html?id=q3BLzQEACAAJ&redir_esc=y
Smith, L., Vance, K., & Johnson, R. (2023). Patterns of social media platform preference among adolescents in Western and Sub-Saharan contexts. PLOS ONE, 18(6), e028671.
Twenge, J. M., Haidt, J., & Joiner, T. E. (2022). Worldwide increases in adolescent loneliness and social media adoption. Journal of Adolescence, 94(3), 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.006
Vance, K., & Thomas, D. (2024). Algorithmic exposure and mental health risks in digital teens: A cross-sectional survey. Nature Human Behaviour, 8(2), 201–214.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v13i7.6988
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gisèle Bupela Tshilumba

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2015-2026. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).



