EQUITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION LOAN DISBURSEMENT TO SELF-SPONSORED STUDENTS IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA

Musera Geoffrey Ababu

Abstract


The position on equity in HELB funding self-sponsored students in Kenya remains unclear since most studies on HELB loans are limited to government sponsored students. This paper provides empirical evidence on equity in HELB disbursements to self-sponsored students in Kenyan public universities. The study targeted 16,082 fourth year self-sponsored loan recipients in seven public universities before the enactment of the University Bill 2012. A sample of 536 loan recipients was drawn to provide data for the study. The Gini coefficients results show that HELB loan allocation was equitable with marginal variations. This is a good indication that HELB loan awards to self-sponsored students may bridge the gap that exist in access to higher education based on socioeconomic status.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter

DOI

Keywords


higher education, loan awards, socio-economic status, self-sponsored students, equity

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ainley, J. & Long, M. (1995). Measuring Student Socioeconomic Status. In J. Ainley, B. Graetz, M. Long, & M. Batten (Eds.), Socioeconomic Status and School Education (pp. 53-76). Canberra: AGPS.

Altbach, P. G., Reisberg, L. & Rumbley, L. E. (2009). Trends in global higher education: Tracking an academic revolution. Center for International Higher Education, Lynch School of Education, Boston College, Massachusetts.

Boit, J. M. (1998). Financing of higher education in Kenya: The case for a selective student loan programme. Unpublished PhD. thesis, Moi University.

Boit, J. M. (2012). Equity, access and social class bias in higher education in Kenya. International Journal of Current Research, 4(3), 234-238. Available online http://www.journalcra.com.

Booysen, F., van der Berg, S., Buerger, R., von Maltitz, M., & du Rand, G. (2008). Using an asset index to assess trends in poverty in seven Sub-Saharan African countries. World Development 36:1113–1130.

Burgess, T. (1981). ‘Bias is of Essence’, in Piper D. W. (ed., 1981) Commission for Higher Education (2005). Universities coordination of post-secondary school institutions. Nairobi, Kenya: Government Printer

Carrol, B. (2005). Private monies, public universities: Implications for access and university behavior, a study of Makerere University. Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University.

Charles, W. (2011) Fast Gini – calculating Gini coefficients in Excel efficiently. http://www.decisionmodels.com/FastExcelV3SpeedTools_

David, P. (2011). Who will pay and who benefits from Ecuador’s new free higher education? International Higher Education, 65, 20-22. Retrieved from www.uwc.ac.za.

Deolalikar, A. (1999). Primary and secondary education in Kenya: A sector review mimeo. Human Development Sector Unit, Eastern Africa Region. Washington DC: The World Bank.

Firebaugh, G. (1999). Empirics of World Income Inequality. American Journal of Sociology 104 (6): 1597–1630.

Firebaugh, G. (2003). Inequality: What it is and how it is measured. The New Geography of Global Income Inequality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Howe, L. D., Hargreaves, J. R., & Huttly, S. R. A. (2008). Issues in the construction of wealth indices for the measurement of socio- economic position in low-income countries. Emerging Themes in Epidemiology 5: 1–14.

Kakwani, N. C. (1977). Applications of Lorenz Curves in Economic Analysis. Econometrica 45 (3): 719–728

Kasozi, A. B. K. (2009). Access and equity to higher education in Uganda: Whose children attend university and are paid for by the state? Paper presented in a public lecture on access and equity to higher education at the National Bureau of Statistics, Kampala on 5/02/2009.

Knight, J. (2009). Financing access and equity in higher education. Sense Publishers, Canada. Retrieved from http://www.sensepublishers.com.

Knight, J. B. & Sabot, R. H. (1990). Education, productivity and inequality: The Eastern African natural experiment. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

McKenzie, D. J. (2003). Measuring inequality with asset indicators. BREAD Working Paper No. 042. Cambridge, MA: Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development, Center for International Development, Harvard University.

Mohamad, F. (2007). Equity on access of low SES group in the massification of higher education in Indonesia. Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia: Center for Economics and Development Studies, Jalan Cimandiri No. 6.

Munavu, R. M., Ogutu, D. M. & Wasanga, P. M. (2008). Sustainable articulation pathways and linkages between upper secondary and higher education. Africa Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA). International Institute for Educational Planning, 7-9 Rue Eugène Delacroix. Retrieved from www.adeanet.org

Nganga, G. (2012). New university colleges increase admissions capacity. Issue No: 220, University World News.

Ngolovoi, M. (2008). Financing higher education in Kenya: Student perceptions and experiences. North Carolina State University, USA.

Odebero, O. S. (2007). Equity in access to university education in Kenya through HELB loans in relation to demand, supply and effectiveness in loan recovery. Unpublished PhD thesis, Egerton University.

Odebero, O. S.; Bosire, J. N.; Sang, K. A.; Ngala, B. J. A. & Ngware, M. (2007) Equity in the distribution of HELB loans in Kenya in relation to students characteristics: An empirical analysis. Educational Research and Review Vol. 2 (8), pp. 209-219. http://www.academicjournals.org/ERR

Ooro, S. (2009). The quest for inclusive higher education in Kenya: A vivisection of concerns. Policies and Reform Initiatives, MAHE INCHER-Kassel, Germany.

Otieno, W. & Levy, D. C. (2007). “Public strikes, private boons? Inter-sectoral dynamics illustrated by the Kenyan case. Program for Research on Private Higher Education (PROPHE), Department of educational leadership and policy, State University of New York, Albany. Working Paper No. 9. Retrieved from http://www.albany.edu/~prophe/).

Otieno, W. (2004). Student loans in Kenya: Past experiences, current hurdles and opportunities for the future. Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 2(2), 75-99.

Power, R. & Beswick, W. (1985). Student withdrawal and attrition from higher education. National Institute of Labour Studies, Inc., Adelaide, Austraria.

Richardson, J. (1981). ‘Geographical bias’, in Piper D. W. (ed., 1981).

RoK. (1996). Public Investment Programme: 1996/97–1998/99. Nairobi: Office of the vice president and ministry of planning and national development. Nairobi, Kenya: Government Printer.

Rutstein, S. O. & Kiersten, J. (2004). The DHS Wealth Index. DHS Comparative Reports No. 6. Calverton, Maryland: ORC Macro.

Seema, V. & Lilani, K. (2006). Constructing socio-economic status indices: How to use principal components analysis. HIV Tools Research Group, Health Policy Unit, Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Oxford University Press: London, UK.

Todaro, P. M. (1980). Economics for a developing world. London: Longman.

Wachiye, H. J. (2009). Equity and access to university education through higher loans in Bungoma district Kenya. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology.

Wanhua, M. (2010). Equity and access to tertiary education: Case study-China. Discussion Paper 32. School of contemporary Chinese studies, University of Nottingham, China.

Ziderman, A. & Albrecht, D. (1995). Financing universities in developing countries. Washington D.C.: The Falmer Press.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v0i0.2656

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Musera Geoffrey Ababu

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015-2023. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.


This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).