HIGHER EDUCATION RESEARCHERS’ VIEWS OF SCIENCE AS A VOCATION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Abstract
Introduction: Science has often been perceived as a vocation rather than simply a job or even a stable career, and is therefore understood as driven primarily by intrinsic motivation. Objective: This study examines the extent to which scientists at higher education institutions from diverse regions of the world perceive science as a vocation, and how these perceptions of work are related to mental health outcomes. Method: We address these questions using survey data from natural scientists in the USA, UK, India, and Italy, collected during the COVID-19 pandemic (total N = 3,442). Regression models were used to assess associations between scientists’ perceptions of work meaning, calling, extrinsic professional rewards, and self-reported psychological distress. Results: Results suggest that most physicists and biologists across these countries view their work as a meaningful vocation rather than “just a job.” Scientists who view their professions as providing little meaning in their lives have higher odds of self-reported psychological distress than those who disagree with this view. Those who find meaning in their work and see it as a “calling” have somewhat lower odds of reporting psychological distress. In contrast, the value scientists place on extrinsic aspects of their work, such as tenure, promotions, and professional advancement, has no significant effect on psychological distress. Conclusion: These findings suggest that scientists’ perceptions of work meaning and vocation are associated with psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas extrinsic professional rewards appear unrelated to distress. We discuss the theoretical and policy implications of these findings, along with study limitations and avenues for further research.
Introduction: La science a souvent été perçue comme une vocation plutôt que comme un simple emploi, voire comme une carrière stable, et elle est donc généralement considérée comme étant principalement guidée par une motivation intrinsèque. Objectif: Cette étude examine dans quelle mesure les scientifiques travaillant dans des établissements d’enseignement supérieur situés dans diverses régions du monde perçoivent la science comme une vocation, ainsi que la manière dont ces perceptions du travail sont associées à des indicateurs de santé mentale. Méthode: Nous examinons ces questions à partir de données d’enquête recueillies pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 auprès de scientifiques des sciences naturelles aux États-Unis, au Royaume-Uni, en Inde et en Italie (N total = 3 442). Des modèles de régression ont été utilisés afin d’évaluer les associations entre les perceptions des scientifiques concernant le sens du travail, la vocation professionnelle, les récompenses professionnelles extrinsèques et la détresse psychologique autodéclarée. Résultats: Les résultats indiquent que la majorité des physiciens et des biologistes de ces pays considèrent leur travail comme une vocation porteuse de sens plutôt que comme « un simple emploi ». Les scientifiques qui estiment que leur profession confère peu de sens à leur vie présentent une probabilité plus élevée de déclarer une détresse psychologique que ceux qui ne partagent pas cette perception. À l’inverse, les scientifiques qui trouvent un sens à leur travail et le considèrent comme une « vocation » présentent une probabilité quelque peu plus faible de déclarer une détresse psychologique. En revanche, l’importance accordée aux dimensions extrinsèques du travail, telles que la titularisation, les promotions et l’avancement professionnel, n’est pas associée de manière statistiquement significative à la détresse psychologique. Conclusion: Ces résultats suggèrent que les perceptions qu’ont les scientifiques du sens de leur travail et de sa dimension vocationnelle sont associées à la détresse psychologique pendant la pandémie de COVID-19, tandis que les récompenses professionnelles extrinsèques ne semblent pas liées à cette détresse. Nous examinons les implications théoriques et stratégiques de ces résultats, ainsi que les limites de l’étude et les pistes de recherche futures.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v13i9.6974
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