ATTITUDE AND EXPOSURE TO BULLYING OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Mary Jean A. Hidalgo, Analyn C. Españo

Abstract


This investigated the students’ bully attitude and exposure to bullying. Specifically, it looked into the relationship between students’ bully attitude and exposure with respect to predetermined profile variables as age, sexual orientation, grade level, parents’ marital status, nuclear family size, types of residence, birth order, household size, parents’ occupation and parents’ educational background. The study was carried out employing a descriptive-correlation research design with 384 Grade 7 to Grade 10 student-respondents from the four (4) junior high schools in Tacloban City. Findings revealed that most of the respondents were 13 to 14 years old, females, Grade 7, middle born, with parents living together; with family size ranging from 4 – 6 members and whose parents have ownership of their house. Most of the respondents’ fathers were tertiary graduates and private-employees. However, most mothers were tertiary graduates but not employed. Junior high school students from Tacloban City Division have generally unfavorable attitude toward bullying. Their level of exposure to bullying as victims was moderate suggesting occasional experience of being bullied. As a bully, the exposure was high. Students’ bully attitudes were significantly associated to nuclear family size and to their parents’ educational attainment. Evidently, school bullying among junior high schools in the study area continues to persist notwithstanding the existing and implemented guidance program. Hence, a revisit on the implementing guidelines of the schools’ child protection and anti-bullying policy is suggested.

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


bully attitude, exposure to bullying, bullying victims, bullies

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abocejo, F. T., & Padua, R. N. (2010). An econometric model for determining sustainability of basic education development. CNU Journal of Higher Education. 4(1), 40-53. Retrieved from http://www.jhe.cnu.edu.ph/index.php/cnujhe/article/ view/39

Alvarez, I. C. C., Ong, M. B., Abocejo, F. T. (2017). Learning needs and quality care among family caregivers and elderly patients of Guadalupe, Cebu City, Central Philippines. European Scientific Journal. 13(24), 356-376, https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n 24p356

Aoyama, I., Utsumi, S., & Hasegawa, M. (2012). Cyberbullying in Japan. In Q. Li, D. Cross, & P. K. Smith (Eds.), Cyberbullying in the global playground: Research from international perspective (pp. 183-201). New York: Wiley-Blackwell. Paper reference 2 Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2012-04616-009

Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 1-26. Retrieved from https://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Bandura/ Bandura2001ARPr.pdf

Bauman, S. (2012). Cyberbullying in the United States. In Q. Li, D. Cross, & P. K. Smith (Eds.), Cyberbullying in the global playground: Research from international perspective, [Paper reference 2] pp. 143-179. New York: Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119954484.ch8

Bibou-nakou, I., Tsiantis, J., Assimopoulos, H., & Chatzilambou, P. (2013). Bullying/victimization from a family perspective: A qualitative study of secondary school students' views. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28(1), 53-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10212-011-0101-6

Carroll, H. (2014). Social Cognitive Factors Associated with Verbal Bullying and Defending. Wayne State University Dissertations. Paper 1086. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/1086/

Chaves, D. R. L., & de Souza, M. R. (2016). Bullying, prejudice and barbarism. Creative Education, 7(09), 1181-1188. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2016.79123

Chirila, T. (2012). Social and Psychological Implications of Bullying in Schools. Journal of Psychological and Educational Research, 20(1), 59-67. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1024788998?accountid=173015

Cross, D., Shaw, T., Epstein, M., Monks, F., Dooley, J., & Hearn, L. (2012). Cyberbullying in Australia: Is School Context Related to School Bullying Behavior? Retrieved from https://www.utas.edu.au/_data/assets/pdf_file/0008/532772/Cyberbullying_ in_Australia-donna-cross.pdf

Fernandez, R. C. C., & Abocejo, F. T. (2014). Child labor, poverty and school attendance: Evidences from the Philippines by region. CNU Journal of Higher Education. 8(1), 114-127. Retrieved from http://www.jhe.cnu.edu.ph/index.php/cnujhe/article/ view/151

Garcia, H. C. B., Gan, M. C. O., & Apigo, M. M. G. M. (2019). Prevalence and factors associated with bullying in public grade 5 and 6 elementary pupils in Quezon City. The PCMC Journal, 15(1), 31-43. Retrieved from http://www.pcmc.gov.ph/images/pdf/ord/PCMC-JOURNAL-VOL-15-1.pdf#page=37

Guy-Evans, O. (2020). Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. In Simply Psychology: Development Psychology. Retrieved from https://www.simplypsychology.org/ Bronfenbrenner.html

Khezri, H., Ghavam, S. E., Mofidi, F., & Delavar, A. (2013). Bullying and victimization: Prevalence and gender differences in a sample of Iranian middle school students. International Journal of Education and Management Studies, 3(3): 224-229. Retrieved from https://jems.science-line.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article &id=18&Itemid=18〈=en

Hawley, P. H. (2014). Social Dominance in Childhood and Its Evolutionary Underpinnings: Why Matters and What We Can Do. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-3549D

Hesapçioğlu, S. T., Meraler, H. Y., & Ercan, F. (2018). Bullying in schools and its relation with depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 19(2), 210-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/apd.268900

Jolejole-Caube, C., Dumlao, A. B., & Abocejo, F. T. (2019). Anxiety towards mathematics and mathematics performance of grade 7 learners. European Journal of Education Studies. 6(1), 334-360 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2694050

Kljakovic, M., Hunt, C., & Jose, P. (2015). Incidence of bullying and victimisation among adolescents in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 44(2), 57-67. Retrieved from https://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/id/eprint/9006/1/72176-NZJP-Vol-44-No-2_Bullying.pdf

Koonce, G. L., & Mayo, S. S. (2013). Effects of elementary school students’ gender and grade level on bullying. American International Journal of Social Science, 2(7), 1-10. http://doi.org/10.1.1.1081.8662&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Laus, M. A. (2016) A Profile of Bullying, Peer Aggression, and Victimization in Philippine Junior High School. Journal of Society & Technology, 6:22-36 University of the Philippines, Cebu, Philippines Retrieved from http://jstonline.org/index.php/JST/ varticle/view/62

Lee, C. H. (2011). An Ecological Systems Approach to Bullying Behaviors Among Middle School Students in the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(8),1664 1693. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260510370591

Lemstra, M., Rogers, Marla, B. A., Redgate, L., Garner, M., & Moraros, J. (2011). Prevalence, risk indicators and outcomes of bullying among on-reserve first nations youth. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 102(6), 462-6. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/921333016?accountid=173015

Maximo, S. I., & Loy, N. S. N. G. (2014). Bullying among high school students as influenced by parent-child attachment and parenting styles. Philippine Journal of Psychology, 47(2), 125-152. Retrieved from https://www.pap.ph/file/pjp/PJP1402 _5Maximo&Loy.pdf

McGaha-Garnett, V. (2013). The effects of violence on academic progress and classroom behavior: From a parent’s perspective. VISTAS Online, 10(1), 1-9. Retrieved from https://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/vistas/the-effects-of-violence-on-academic-progress-and-classroom-behavior.pdf?sfvrsn=8&sfvrsn=8

Menesini, E., & Salmivalli, C. (2017). Bullying in schools: the state of knowledge and effective interventions. Psychology, health & medicine, 22(sup1), 240-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2017.1279740

Mingoa, J. I., & Abocejo, F. T. (2021). Science Performance and Scholastic Aptitude of Grade 9 Learners. European Journal of Education Studies, 8(3), 342-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v8i3.3660

Murphy, A.G., Murphy, M.M., & Banas, S. L. (2009) Dealing with Bullying 1st Ed. Retrieved from http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=6C05B5D13176FC640D9635F63E65366B

O'connor, J. (2012). An examination of bullying within middle school physical education. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). Retrieved from https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/31044/ OConnorJamie.pdf

Park, M., Choi, J., & Lim, S. (2014). Factors affecting aggression in South Korean middle school students. Asian Nursing Research, 8(4), 247-253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2014.05.007

Rigby, K. (2007). Bullying in schools: And what to do about it. Australian Council for Educational Research Ltd. Retrieved from https://bullyproofclassroom.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Kenneth-Rigby-Book.pdf

Rodriguez, K. F. R., & Abocejo, F. T. (2018). Competence vis-à-vis performance of special education pre-service teachers. European Academic Research. 6(7), 3474-3498. Retrieved from http://www.euacademic.org/UploadArticle/3707.pdf

Saraspe, L. D., & Abocejo, F. T. (2020). Effectiveness of descriptive praise on the English composition skill of bridging students. European Journal of English Language Teaching. 5(4), 18-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejel.v5i4.3140

Sanapo, M. (2017). When kids hurt other kids: Bullying in Philippine schools. Psychology, 8, 2469-2484. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2017.814156.

Srabstein, J. C. & Leventhal, B. L. (2010). Prevention of Bullying-Related Morbidity and Mortality: A Call for Public Health Policies. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/88/6/10-077123/en/

Swearer, S. Cixin Wang, Brandi Berry & Zachary R. Myers (2014). Reducing Bullying: Application of Social Cognitive Theory, Theory into Practice, 53:4, 271-277, https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2014.947221

Tippett, N., & Kwak, K. (2012). Cyberbullying in South Korea. Cyberbullying in the global playground: Research from international perspectives, 202-219.

Tiauzon, B. A., & Malquisto, P. R. (2019). Incidence of bullying and academic performance of grade 7 learners. European Journal of Education Studies, 6(1), 37-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2630922

Wolke, D., Tippett, N., & Dantchev, S. (2015). Bullying in the family: sibling bullying. The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(10), 917-929. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00262-X

Zuckerman, D. (2016). Bullying harms victims and perpetrators of all ages. Journal of Catholic Health Association of the United States. Retrieved from https://www.chausa.org/publications/health-progress/article/july-august-2016/bullying-harms-victims-and-perpetrators-of-all-ages




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v8i8.3865

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Mary Jean A. Hidalgo, Analyn C. Españo

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015-2023. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).