INVESTIGATION OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF LIFE AND THE ANXIETY/DEPRESSION SCORES IN THE ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PHASE – OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Kinga Balla, Karl Konstantin Haase

Abstract


Purpose: The aim of our study was to investigate socio-demographic factors which can help identify patients who are possible candidates for poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and high anxiety/depression scores in the recovery stage of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Fifty patients with acute MI (NSTEMI = non-ST elevation MI / STEMI = ST elevation MI) with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) took part in the study on a voluntary basis. The physiotherapy treatment was based on MI mobilization plan, which consists of three stages, each lasting two days, starting with the PCI day. Vital parameters were measured. The Borg scale and pedometer were used. Socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, educational level, employment status, marital status and physical activity status were analyzed. The patients completed the questionnaires (the German-language adaptation of the MacNew Heart Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (MacNew) and of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D)) independently on the first day of treatment and on the day of discharge. Results: The group of patients with university or college graduation showed the most distinctive deterioration in the HRQoL from all groups in the pre/post comparison. The highest deterioration in the HADS-D was found in the group of “unemployed and retired” persons. Conclusion: Educational level and employment status are socio-demographic factors which most negatively influence the quality of life and anxiety/depression scores of acute MI patients. These parameters need more attention in the early stage of MI treatment.

Ziel: Das Ziel unserer Studie war es sozio-demographische Faktoren zu ermitteln, die helfen können, Patienten zu identifizieren, die potenzielle Kandidaten für eine schlechte gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität (HRQoL) und Angst/Depression Score in der Erholungsphase eines Myokardinfarkts (MI) sind. Methoden: Fünfzig Patienten mit akutem MI (NSTEMI / STEMI) mit perkutaner Koronarintervention (PCI) nahmen freiwillig an der Studie teil. Die physiotherapeutische Behandlung basierte auf dem MI-Mobilisierungsplan, der aus drei Phasen zu je zwei Tagen besteht, beginnend mit dem PCI-Tag. Vitalparameter wurden gemessen. Borg-Skalenwerte und Schrittzähler wurden eingesetzt. Sozio-demographische Faktoren wie Alter, Geschlecht, Bildungsniveau, Beschäftigungsstatus, Familienstand und körperliche Aktivität wurden analysiert. Die Patienten füllten zwei Fragebögen (Deutsche Version von MacNew Heart Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (MacNew) und Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D)) am ersten Behandlungstag und am Tag der Entlassung selbstständig aus. Ergebnisse: Die Gruppe der Patienten mit Universitäts- oder Hochschulabschluss zeigte im Prä-Post-Vergleich von allen Gruppen die deutlichste Verschlechterung der HRQoL. Die deutlichste Verschlechterung des HADS-D wurde in der Gruppe der „Arbeitslosen und Rentner“ festgestellt. Schlussfolgerung: Bildungsniveau und Beschäftigungsstatus sind soziodemografische Faktoren, die den größten Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität und die Angst-/Depressionswerte bei akuter MI Patienten haben. Diese Parameter erfordern im Frühstadium der MI-Behandlung mehr Aufmerksamkeit.

 

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Keywords


myocardial infarction, quality of life, anxiety, depression, physiotherapy / Myokardinfarkt, Lebensqualität, Angst, Depression, Physiotherapie

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejphs.v7i1.172

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