European Journal of Education Studies
ISSN: 2501 - 1111
ISSN-L: 2501 - 1111
Available on-line at: www.oapub.org/edu
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.842886
Volume 3 │ Issue 8 │ 2017
FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL TEACHER IN
FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
F. J. Tasiam, Djoko Kustono,
Purnomo, Hakkun Elmunsyah
Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Abstract:
This paper explores the development of website portal for Electrical Engineering
teachers in Vocational High School. The website portal for Electrical Engineering
teachers in Vocational High School aims at providing information and as a channel for
Electrical Engineering teachers in Vocational High School to discuss important issues
and problems related to teaching and learning in Electrical Engineering. The
development of the website, basically, is conducted to facilitate and enhance pedagogic
competence of Electrical Engineering teachers in Vocational High School in facing AEC.
This present development study employed a development model suggested by Branch
called ADDIE. The development model consists of five steps namely Analysis, Design,
Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The developed website was evaluated
by the Electrical Engineering teachers in Vocational High School in Manado. The result
of this development research indicated that the developed website obtained 88.0 score
and categorized as appropriate. There are some features that are provided by the
website to support communication vocational teachers electro, ie the automatic update
feature information from the world of education from 4 countries, translator on the
automatic update feature information about the world of education, the adjustment of
the display (responsive) based devices accessed, automation features to retrieve
information from Forums to put in other websites, and integration of educational
calendars.
Keywords: pedagogic competence, AEC, electrical engineering, teaching, vocational
high school
Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved.
© 2015 – 2017 Open Access Publishing Group
558
F. J. Tasiam, Djoko Kustono, Purnomo, Hakkun Elmunsyah
FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHER IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
1. Introduction
In recent days, Indonesia, as a member of ASEAN, has entered ASEAN Economic
Community (known as AEC). The implementation of AEC begins in 2015 and is
concerning on four major points includes ASEAN as a prominent market and
production, Communal Economic Development, Economic Equality, Competitiveness
Strengthening, including competent worker (Wuryandari, 2014:14).
The main factor required in facing AEC is to prepare a reliable and potential
human resources. As emphasized by Prasetyo (2015, 2) the presence of free and open
goods and service market will cause foreign workers easily enter into Indonesian and
work. This, in addition, will create a tough competition of employment in Indonesia
(Prasetyo, 2015). Furthermore, Wuryandari (2014:13) argues that a raising and
fundamental issue regarding AEC implementation is a readiness of Indonesian
workers. Wuryandari (2014:13) also believes that it is important and necessary to
prepare Indonesian workers to be able to keep up and compete in AEC, particularly
employment competition. It is further expected that the human resources should be
able to qualify themselves as how the neighbouring ASEAN countries’ workers qualify
themselves (Setuju, 2015:3).
In order to face the challenges of AEC, thus, all field and discipline, including
vocational teachers of Electrical Engineering department are required to prepare and
qualify themselves. If they are not preparing and qualifying themselves, they will not
be able to keep up with the current development of AEC. In general, insight, education
takes a prominent role in qualifying human resources. In assent with the current
condition, Indonesian education system indeed is required to be strengthened. This is in
line with the argument proposed by Setuju (2015), pursuant to the implementation of
AEC, education serves as important and essential element which is need to be
prioritized by the government. Further, as imposed by the founding father of
Indonesian Education, Ki Hadjar Dewantara, education is an attempt to promote
character, intelligence building and children growth within society in which every
single part within is inseparable (Setuju, 2015:2).
Vocational High School Students majoring Electrical Engineering in Indonesia
are required to be prepared in order to be able to keep up with Electrical Engineering
engineer from neighbouring countries involving in AEC. To face the competition of
labor in facing AEC, it needs to prepare strategy which in further its implementation
can be systematic and reliable. Kresna, emphasized that the strategy of implementing
the improvement of national competitiveness and preparation of the implementation of
the 2015 MEA namely, the development of manpower through Increasing the
European Journal of Education Studies - Volume 3 │ Issue 8 │ 2017
559
F. J. Tasiam, Djoko Kustono, Purnomo, Hakkun Elmunsyah
FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHER IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
competitiveness of labor and increasing the competence and productivity of labor
Kresna, 2015: 24).
To achieve this, Vocational teachers, particularly Electrical Engineering teachers,
are highly required to have pedagogic competence that can produce graduates of
graduate which is undoubtedly and serves as reliable human resources. If the Electrical
Engineering Vocational Teachers do not have the expected pedagogic competence, it
will be difficult to expect the graduates to be competent human resources. Conversely,
if the teacher has pedagogic competence, it is undoubtedly that it will allow students or
vocational high school graduates can compete with workers from neighbouring
countries incorporated in ASEAN. If Indonesia possesses a qualified human resources,
through the implementation of AEC, Indonesia can obtain a positive outcomes,
particularly in regard with the labor absorption in Indonesia. Asian Development Bank
(ADB) Report informs that AEC can create 14 million additional employment or it
increase 41% in 2015 due to the increasing free movement of skilled labor (Wuryandani,
2014: 14).
The above-mentioned explanation concludes that it is absolutely important for
Vocational High School teachers to possess excellent pedagogic competence.
Furthermore, for the need of comparison, below is the characteristic of pedagogic
competence of neighbouring countries involving in AEC which include Malaysia,
Singapore, and Philippine.
2. Malaysian Teacher Competence
a) Knowledge and Competence
Malaysians teacher possess a competence and knowledge to improve students
achievement continuously.
b) Proficiency
Malaysians teacher possess an ability to utilize and use (ability to use in practice)
their obtained knowledge and proficiency in fulfilling their assignment as a
teacher.
c) Personal Attributes and Behavior
Malaysians teacher possess excellent personal attributes and behaviors which is
frequently applied within their daily life.
European Journal of Education Studies - Volume 3 │ Issue 8 │ 2017
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F. J. Tasiam, Djoko Kustono, Purnomo, Hakkun Elmunsyah
FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHER IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
3. Singaporean Teacher Competence
Singapore is considered as a country which succeeds in improving the quality of
teacher. Singaporean teacher is demanded and required to be productive, creative, and
progressive. Each school in Singapore possesses teacher’s assessment. The moment the
school’s principal considers that the teacher is unable to teach, then the teacher is not
eligible to continue his or her career as teacher. The individual, in the future, will be not
able to pursue his or her career as a teacher in any school in Singapore.
4. Philippines Teacher Competence
Education in the Philippines is based on the American education system. High school
system of the Philippines (Philippines: High na Paaralan) has not changed much since
achieving independence from the United States in 1946. Technical and Vocational
Education (TESDA) is a body that oversees post-secondary education of technical and
vocational education, including skills orientation, training and development of out-ofschool youth and the community. Vocational schools typically do not have entrance
exams, only accepting records of study forms from previous schools. It is no less
important, teachers need to master pengelolahan class. This may affect teaching and
learning activities. In addition, Electrical Engineering teachers are required to try to
develop themselves in the sense of improving the system of better teaching and
learning. In addition, the discipline of teachers is also highly determined, in which
vocational teacher describes the attitude in carrying out the task. Vocational teachers
are required to contribute to the vocational schools.
According to the above-mentioned explanation, it is believed that the lackness of
Indonesian teacher’s competence. The lackness is dealing with the insufficient
pedagogic competence of teacher which does not meet the requirements standard. In
addition, teacher remains unable to establish an effective and efficient condition of
classroom. The teacher is also unable to create an enjoyable learning for both teacher
and students. This issues make students are less interested in what teacher discuss or
explain and eventually the learning objective is not achieved.
To resolve several issues regarding the lackness on pedagogic competence within
Electrical Engineering teacher and enable the teacher to face AEC, several attempts have
been conducted such as school partnership training and gradual and special training.
School partnership training is conducted and cooperated by school and state institution
or private institution for specific discipline and field. While gradual and special training
are conducted in P4TK or LPMP or other institution which was given an authority by
European Journal of Education Studies - Volume 3 │ Issue 8 │ 2017
561
F. J. Tasiam, Djoko Kustono, Purnomo, Hakkun Elmunsyah
FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHER IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
the school to conduct a training. The training is designed gradually begins from basic
level, intermediate, and advanced level.
This internal training is carried out by the principal and teachers who have the
authority to foster through official meetings, the rotation of teaching duties, the
provision of additional internal tasks, discussions with colleagues and the like. In
addition, internal training also includes discussion of educational issues. These
discussions are held regularly with topics according to the problems experienced at
school. In addition to discussion of educational issues, seminars are also held. Teachers'
participation in seminars and scientific publishing activities can also be a continuous
model of teacher professional development in improving teacher competence.
Teachers are required to work responsibly in school, if it is often out for interteacher meetings then negative effects can occur both for school and students and the
community's view. Another thing is also possible to spend a considerable cost, while
the benefits are very limited.
Based on the things mentioned above, the meeting between the Electrical
Engineering teachers through the virtual world is considered more effective and
efficient today. Virtual world is meant here is through the international website.
Electrical Engineering teachers can communicate openly in accordance with the time
and place possible. It can develop the competency of Electrical Engineering vocational
teachers in Indonesia generally and in Manado and surrounding areas in particular.
5. Methodology
The research and development model used in this research is the ADDIE model.
ADDIE development model development consists of five steps: (1) Analysis, (2) Design,
(3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluation.
Figure 1: ADDIE Research and Development Model (Branch, 2009: 2)
European Journal of Education Studies - Volume 3 │ Issue 8 │ 2017
562
F. J. Tasiam, Djoko Kustono, Purnomo, Hakkun Elmunsyah
FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHER IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
The ADDIE development model is commonly used in the development of learning
models. Research development that aims to produce materials in the form of websites.
Additionally, the ADDIE development model is chosen because it has simple steps that
are easy to learn and apply. Simple steps make it possible to carry out the research with
the shortest possible time by giving maximum results.
6. Findings and Discussion
Products developed in this study are a website portal that integrates vocational
education information online discussion forum. The website will also feature
information from the education world of four countries at the same time, namely the
Directorate of Vocational Education of Indonesia, the Education Office of Malaysia, the
Department of Education of Singapore, and educational information Philippines. The
website can be accessed through a browser that already exists on the device desktop
computers, notebooks, tablets, and smartphones. The website address that is developed is
http://musyawarahguruelektro.org. The results are shown in the following table.
Table 1: Findings on Website Testing
No
Aspects
∑x
∑xi
P(%)
Criteria
1
Software Engineering
793
900
88,1
Appropriate
2
Learning Design
1114
1260
88,4
Appropriate
3
Visual Communication Design
1103
1260
87,5
Appropriate
3010
3420
88,0
Appropriate
Total
Average
Table 1 above is the final data of the research obtained from the Electrical Engineering
teacher. In table 1 above can be seen that from the three aspects tested on the
development of information portals website and Electrical Engineering teacher forums
obtained an average of 88 points. Thus, the website portal information and forum of
Electrical Engineering teachers developed in this study fall into the appropriate
category.
For more details, the results of each aspect tested will be explained in the
following explanation:
All subjects are of the opinion that in the software engineering aspect, the
website is relatively easy to use and operate, as appropriate for the Electrical
Engineering communication vocational teacher communication and clear instructions
for use. There are indicators on this aspect that the percentage is less than the maximum
than the other indicators contained in this aspect, the indicator is the clarity of
European Journal of Education Studies - Volume 3 │ Issue 8 │ 2017
563
F. J. Tasiam, Djoko Kustono, Purnomo, Hakkun Elmunsyah
FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHER IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
documentation relating to the ease understand error messages. That is because there are
subjects who find it difficult to understand the error message with Ingrris language. The
total percentage in this aspect is 88.1%, so it belongs to a category worthy to use.
All subjects are of the opinion that in the design aspects of learning from
developed websites it is appropriate to improve the communication of Electrical
Engineering vocational teachers, in accordance with current developments (actual), in
order to achieve the goal of facilitating communication of Electrical Engineering
vocational teachers, and the clarity of the language used. When compared to other
indicators, the indicator of completeness and quality of relief materials get the smallest
percentage among other indicators in this aspect. This is because the subject felt the
documentation of the website that poured in the manual usage of the website is not
complete. The total percentage in this aspect is 88.4%, so it belongs to a category worthy
to use.
The whole subject found visual communication aspects of a website developed
already communicative as there are elements of the forum, has a corresponding audio
element, has a corresponding mobile media element, and has an easy to understand
navigation icon. When compared to other indicators, the visual indicator gets the
smallest percentage among other indicators in this aspect. This is because the subject
felt the website interface design developed less easy to understand and the element of
the letters less easy to read. The total percentage in this aspect is 87.5%, so it belongs to
a category worthy to use.
7. Conclusion
The results of this research and development in the form of website as a means of
communication for Electrical Engineering teachers in Vocational High School to face the
ASEAN Economic Community (MEA). The main purpose of this development is to
create a website portal that can include information from various countries in Southeast
Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Philippines), there is also a forum that can be
used Electrical Engineering teachers in Vocational High School in discussing several
topics to provide information to teachers To face the MEA. It is hoped that with the
website Electrical Engineering teachers in Vocational High School can share
information related actions that should be done to face the MEA.
There are some features that are provided by the website to support
communication vocational teachers electro, ie the automatic update feature information
from the world of education from 4 countries, translator on the automatic update feature
information about the world of education, the adjustment of the display (responsive)
European Journal of Education Studies - Volume 3 │ Issue 8 │ 2017
564
F. J. Tasiam, Djoko Kustono, Purnomo, Hakkun Elmunsyah
FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHER IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
based devices accessed, automation features to retrieve information from Forums to put
in other websites, and integration of educational calendars.
Based on activities that have been done early in the development, the website has
been able to meet the main objectives of this research development, namely:
a. The website can be accessed via notebooks, desktops, and smartphones.
b. Websites can retrieve educational information published by the media from each
country (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Philippines).
c. Websites belonging to cross-platform (can be displayed on any other type of
operating system).
d. Relatively fast website loading time.
8. Suggestion
To optimize the utilization of the developed app, a few things to look out for are:
a. We recommend that visitors make a bookmark and subscribe website, so always get
the latest information from the website.
b. Other website developers can take RSS feeds from forums to disseminate
information automatically.
c. Although it is traditional media, websites can be used not only exchange ideas
on academic matters, but rather related to the electro vocational development of
other sectors (industry outlook, the market needs, and others).
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FOSTERING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TEACHER IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
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