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This study is a descriptive research which is done with the aim of determining constant rage level and expression styles of anger in the athletes with regard to different variables. This survey is implemented in a sample group which consists of 549 individuals (379 men, 170 women) who are still active sportsman in the province of Gaziantep Continual Rage and Expression Types of Rage Scale which is developed by Speilberger (1988) and studied for adaptation to Turkish by Ozer (1994) is utilized in the obtainment of the survey data. Variance analysis, One-Way ANOVA Independent Sample T-test is used in order for comparing the arithmetic mean in data analyzing, mean points in independent measuring. In conclusion, in this study, we aimed to determine the constant rage and anger expression styles of individual and team athletes in terms of various variables among the female and male athletes. Female athletes who are engaged in team sport have high levels of constant rage and anger outbursts, male athletes who are engaged in individual sports have high levels of constant rage, anger and anger outbursts. Individual athletes have high scores in favor of men in the constant rage and anger expression in terms of gender variable. It was observed that those with good family well-being had higher anger scores than the middle and the worst ones in both branches.
2017 •
This study focused on reviewing trait anger and level of anger expression styles of students who studied at School of Physical Education and Sports of Adnan Menderes University during 2016-2017 academic year in terms of some variables. As data collection tools; “Personal Information Form” and “Trait Anger and Anger Expression Scale” –designed by Spielberger et al. (1988) and adapted by Özer (1994) into Turkish- were employed. Participants’ trait anger and anger expression styles were compared in relation to sex, education type (daytime education vs. evening education), playing sports, sportive branches and academic departments. The population of the study was composed of a total of 981 participants who studied at the school of physical education and sports of Adnan Menderes University during 2016-2017 academic year; 633 of whom were male students while 348 of them were female students. Sample of the study was composed of a total of 541 SPES students; 351 of whom were male students while 190 of them were female students. The analyses of the data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 statistical software. As a result of the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov - Shapiro-Wilk) done at p<0.05 in order to explore whether or not data followed a normal distribution; it was determined that data did not follow a normal distribution. For the analyses of the data that did not follow a normal distribution; Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis Tests were performed at p<0.05 for the differences among the groups and thus findings of the study were found. As a result; it was identified that no generalizations about anger and anger expression styles could be made for the participant students of the School of Physical Education and Sports of Adnan Menderes University in terms of sex variable but anger levels of male students were higher, participation in physical education, physical activities and recreational activities reduced anger level, students of recreation department demonstrated higher level of anger as compared to students of other academic departments, sedentary life styles elevated anger level and anger level did not differ in terms of playing team sports or individual sports.
International Journal of Indian Psychology
Anger, Emotional Expressivity and Psychological Well-Being in Sports Players2016 •
The objective of the present study is to observe whether there is a difference between boys and girls engaged in Instrumental Aggression Sports and those engaged in Hostile Aggression Sports with respect to anger, emotional expressivity and psychological well-being and to observe whether there is a relationship between these variables. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select a sample of 160 sports players, among whom 80 (40 boys and 40 girls) were engaged in instrumental aggression sports and 80 (40 boys and 40 girls) were engaged in hostile aggression sports. The Multidimensional Anger Inventory (Siegel, 1986), Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire (Gross, & John, 1998) and Psychological Well Being Scale (Ryff& Keyes, 1995) were administered to the participants. The results showed significant gender differences with respect to the dimension of anger arousal (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were found between the sport players engaged in instrume...
Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, in press
Differences in anger depending on sport performance in table tennis players2020 •
The aim of this study is to determine if there are differences in anger levels depending on sport performance in table tennis players. The sample consisted of 93 Spanish table tennis players, 20 players were professionals (21.50%) and 73 were amateur (78.49%). An ad hoc Sociodemographic Questionnaire and the Trait-State Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI 2), were used to measure the different variables. The results showed significant differences in external anger expression (p<.05), depending on league level where the players who took part in greater leagues showed lower levels of anger. Additionally, internal anger control (p<.05) and anger expression index (p<.05) reported significant differences depending on league level where the players who took part in greater leagues showed greater levels. It was concluded that there are differences in anger levels depending on division level. Therefore, it is important to coach players towards anger control in table tennis.
Universal Journal of Educational Research
Examination of Anxiety Levels and Anger Expression Manners of Undergraduate Table Tennis Players2016 •
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
Evaluation of Trait Anger and Anger Expression in Taekwondo Athletes in Relation to Gender and Success2013 •
Few studies have explored anger, aggression and antisocial behaviour in sport competition. Therefore, this study intends to analyse the patterns of association between aggression-related variables, and the effect of type of sport, competitive categories and success levels. Two hundred and thirty one athletes from different types of sport completed measures of anger, aggression, antisocial behaviour, anger rumination and provocation. Results provided support for the link between anger, aggression and antisocial behaviour, as well as the importance of provocation and anger rumination in aggressive behaviours. Additionally, athletes from sports with higher levels of physical contact and from lower or younger competitive categories tended to be more aggressive than those from sports with lower levels of contact and from higher competitive levels. However, results failed to demonstrate any significant differences considering the achievement level. These findings provide an important basis to understand individual differences in aggressive-related variables.. Phone: (+351) 253 604 258. Acknowledgments The authors are very grateful for the help of Sonia Olivares on an earlier draft and to the anonymous reviewers for their suggestions and commentaries that significantly improved the quality of the present article. We also would like to thank all the athletes that participated in this study, as well as coaches and members of the staff that helped and are still helping us along all the process of this research project. A special thank to the CRAV team for their collaboration in this research. This study was conducted at Psychology Research Centre, University of Minho, and was supported in part by a grant from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and the Portugue-se Ministry of Education and Science through national funds (SFRH / BD / 46206 / 2008) and co-financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (UID/ PSI/01662/2013). A non-published version of the current research study was awarded by the Portuguese Olympic Committee (COP) with an Honour Award (2014 " COP / Millenium BCP " Annual Awards for Research in Sport Sciences). 1 The present study was part of a broader and continuous research project around the construct of aggression and aggressiveness in sport, with several different and very specific purposes and aims. Additional data was collected but was unrelated to the specific questions examined in this study. A portion of the data from the sub-sample of this study was also included in a paper by Sofia & Cruz (2015) and another paper submitted to other journal, with other unique theoretical and empirical research. Nevertheless, none of the analysis presented here were presented in such papers, neither previously reported nor submitted. As such, the current article, in its aims and results, make an unique contribution to aggressive behaviour in sport, with no overlapping in terms of data or research aims. As such this study satisfies the APA guidelines regarding duplicate publication.
The purpose of the research is to examine the relationship between athletes’ psychological resilience, emotional reactivity, psychological maladjustment and trait anger levels and the mediating role of psychological resilience in this relationship. The data were obtained from a total of 972 athletes, 298 women and 674 men, in different sports branches (boxing, wrestling, taekwondo, athletics, soccer, volleyball, handball, basketball). In the data collection process, the emotional reactivity scale adapted to Turkish culture, the depression, anxiety, stress scale, the anger and expression style scale and the short psychological resilience scale were used. In the analysis of the data, the structural equation model was used to determine the direct and indirect predictive effects between variables. In line with the findings, although emotional reactivity in athletes exerts pressure on psychological maladjustment (depression, anxiety, and stress), psychological resilience has a protective...
2017 •
Few studies have explored anger, aggression and antisocial behaviour in sport competition. Therefore, this study intends to analyse the patterns of association between aggression-related variables, and the effect of type of sport, competitive categories and success levels. Two hundred and thirty one athletes from different types of sport completed measures of anger, aggression, anti-social behaviour, anger rumination and provocation. Results provided support for the link between anger, aggression and anti-social behaviour, as well as the importance of provocation and anger rumination in aggressive behaviours. Additionally, athletes from sports with higher levels of physical contact and from lower or younger competitive categories tended to be more aggressive than those from sports with lower levels of contact and from higher competitive levels. However, results failed to demonstrate any significant differences considering the achievement level. These findings provide an important ba...
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