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Sprint time (ST) is the product of stride length (SL) and stride frequency (SF). Increases in either of these variables results in speed improvement. Purpose: To compare resisted (RST) and assisted sprint training (AST) on sprint performance. Methods: Twenty (10 male, 10 female) collegiate sprinters and hurdlers were randomly divided into two training groups: RST (age: 21.81.8yrs, height: 1.730.10m, mass: 69.512.8kg) and AST (age: 22.22.4yrs, height: 1.760.10m, mass: 69.19.9kg). Each group trained 3 days/week for 6 weeks. The RST group used a combination of weighted sled pulls, uphill sprinting and depth jumps. The AST group combined downhill running, towing, sprint ladders and single leg bounds. Prior to and following the training interventions SL and ST (10 meter sprint time) were recorded at sprint distances of 30m, 60m, and 120m during the last 10 meters of each sprint distance. Pre-post training ST and SL were compared within training groups at each sprint distance using paired t-tests. Additionally, a gain score was calculated by taking the difference between the post and pre test scores. The gain scores for SL and ST were compared between training groups via independent t-tests at each sprint distance. Results: For the RST 30m, ST (1.180.08s vs 1.140.08s, p<0.01) and SL (2.060.08m vs. 2.091.14m, p<0.01) were significantly improved. For the AST, 30m ST (1.190.08s vs. 1.180.08s, p<0.01) and SL (2.100.13m vs. 2.110.13, p=0.04) were significantly improved. No improvements in ST or SL were detected for either the RST or AST groups at the 60m sprint distance. For the RST 120m, ST (1.130.07s vs. 1.120.08s, p<0.01) was significantly improved. For the AST 120m, ST (1.120.07s vs. 1.110.07s, p<0.01) and SL (2.300.08 vs. 2.330.08, p<0.01) were significantly improved. At the 30M interval, the RST demonstrated significant improvements in SL and ST as compared to the AST (p<0.01). However, at the 120M interval, the AST demonstrated a significant improvement in SL as compared to the RST (p<0.01). Conclusion: Within the parameters of this study, RST and AST methods have proven effective at improving sprint performance. It appears that RST protocols may be of greatest benefit for improving sprint performance at shorter distances, while AST protocols may be of greater benefit at longer sprinting distances.
Sprint time (ST) is the product of stride length (SL) and stride rate (SR). Increases in either of these variables results in speed improvement. Purpose: To compare resisted (RST) and assisted sprint training (AST) on sprint performance. Methods: Twenty (10 male, 10 female) collegiate sprinters and hurdlers were randomly divided into two training groups: RST (age: 21.81.8yrs, height: 1.730.10m, mass: 69.512.8kg) and AST (age: 22.22.4yrs, height: 1.760.10m, mass: 69.19.9kg). Each group trained 3 days/week for 6 weeks. The RST group used a combination of weighted sled pulls, uphill sprinting and depth jumps. The AST group combined downhill running, towing, sprint ladders and single leg bounds. Prior to and following the training interventions SL and ST (10 meter sprint time) were recorded at sprint distances of 30m, 60m, and 120m during the last 10 meters of each sprint distance. Pre-post training ST and SL were compared within training groups at each sprint distance using paire...
Rumpf, MC, Lockie, RG, Cronin, JB, and Jalilvand, F. Effect of different sprint training methods on sprint performance over various distances: a brief review. J Strength Cond Res 30(6): 1767–1785, 2016—Linear sprinting speed is an essential physical quality for many athletes. There are a number of different training modalities that can be used to improve sprint performance. Strength and conditioning coaches must select the most appropriate modalities for their athletes, taking into consideration the sprint distances that typically occur during competition. The study purpose was to perform a brief review as to the effect of specific (free sprinting; resisted sprinting by sleds, bands, or incline running ; assisted sprinting with a towing device or a downhill slope), nonspecific (resistance and plyometric training), and combined (a combination of specific and nonspecific) training methods on different sprint distances (0–10, 0–20, 0– 30, and 31+ m). A total of 48 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, resulting in 1,485 subjects from a range of athletic backgrounds. The training effects associated with specific sprint training were classified as moderate (effect size [ES] = 21.00; %change = 23.23). Generally, the effect of specific sprint training tended to decrease with distance, although the largest training effects were observed for the 31+ m distance. The greatest training effects (ES = 20.43; %change = 21.65) of nonspecific training were observed for the 31+ m distance. The combined training revealed greatest effects (ES = 20.59; %change = 22.81) for the 0–10 m distance. After this review, specific sprint training methods seem the most beneficial over the investigated distances. However, the implementation of nonspecific training methods (e.g., strength and power training) could also benefit speed and athletic performance.
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Sprinting Performance and Resistance-Based Training Interventions2014 •
Strength and Conditioning Journal
Resistance Training for Short Sprints and Maximum-speed Sprints2001 •
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Relationships Between Repeated Sprint Testing, Speed, and Endurance2008 •
The purpose of this systematic review was to search the scientific literature for original research, addressing the effects different forms of resistance-based training have on sprinting performance in competitive sprinters. Specific key words (Sprinters OR Sprint) NOT (Rugby, Soccer, Cycling, Swimming, Paralympic, Nutrition) were used to search relevant databases through November 2013 for related literature. Original research was reviewed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Five studies met the inclusion criteria: actively competitive adult male sprinters who participated in a resistance-based intervention (>4 weeks), with outcome measures in the form of 10-100 m sprint times. Exclusion criteria included acute studies (<4 weeks), non-sprinting populations and studies with no performance outcome measures (10-100 m sprint times). Three of the five studies employed both locomotor resistance and fixed plane resistance, whereas the remaining two studies used more fixed plane resistance e.g. squat and leg extension. Three of the studies showed a statistical improvement in sprinting performance measures e.g. a decrease in 30 m sprint time (p = 0.044), whereas one study showed a decrease in sprinting performance. The analysis concluded that resistance-based training has a positive effect on sprinting performance. Varied input of locomotor resistance and fixed plane resistance has resulted in similar percentage change for sprinting performance. This review adds to the body of knowledge by strongly highlighting the dearth of literature exploring the effects of resistance-based training on sprinting performance in competitive sprinters. The short duration and wide range of exercises implemented in studies to date are of concern, but coaches should not hesitate to implement well-planned resistance programs for their sprint athletes.
JURNAL PENDIDIKAN JASMANI DAN OLAHRAGA
The Impact of Assisted Sprinting Training (As) and Resisted Sprinting Training (RS) in Repetition Method on Improving Sprint Acceleration Capabilities2017 •
Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis
Acute effect of resisted sprinting upon regular sprint performance2018 •
2021 •
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of different conditioning activities (CAs) on short-term increase in sprint performance. In twelve male sprinters (21.1±2.6 years, 100 m performance: 11.5±0.6 s) their body composition, half squat maximum strength, 100 m sprinting and countermovement jump performances were evaluated. The performance of a 50 m sprint (splits at 10 m, 30 m and 50 m) was evaluated before and 5, 10 and 15 min after four postactivation performance enhancement CAs on different occasions: [1] 3 sets x 4 s maximum isometric half squat (IHF), [2] 3 sets x 3 consecutive countermovement jumps (cCMJs), [3] 3 repetitions x 30 m overspeed sprinting (OVSP) and [4] dynamic submaximal half squat (2 sets x 2 reps x 90% of 1-RM half squat; HSQ). Significant improvements of sprinting performance were found 10 and 15 min following the cCMJs, OVSP and HSQ's interventions, in all distances (p<.05;-2.14±1.21% and-3.56±2.47%), without any significant difference between these interventions and time points (p>.05). Significant inter-individual differences were found in the magnitude of sprint performance improvements as well as in the optimal time window (p<.05), with the stronger sprinters responding better after HSQs, while the more powerful sprinters after cCMJs and OVSPs. In conclusion, it seems that cCMJs, OVSP and HSQ can acutely increase sprinting performance after 10 min, but CA's induced increases in sprinting performance are highly related to the strength and power characteristics of each sprinter.
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