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The aim of this research is to test the stress instrument, and identify the symptoms of pre-competitive stress of young Brazilians athletes from soccer, and throw a descriptive research we evaluated 300 male Brazilian soccer players aged between 10-17 years (age average 13.45±2.37) using a Likert scale named List of Symptoms of "Stress" Pre-Competitive; as statistical it was made the descriptive statistical, reliability analysis counting with the Alpha´s Coefficient and Factorial exploratory analysis of the instrument. The results showed an excellent reliability of the issues of the instrument, and detected six factors, demonstrating that the youth athletes has a moderate level of stress and concluded that another analysis need to be done in future studies.
2014 •
Santos PB, Kuczynski KM , Machado TA, Osiecki ACV, Stefanello JMF. Psychophysiological Stress in Under-17 Soccer Players. JEPonline 2014;17(2):67-80. Athletes experience a large number of stressors that can influence their sporting performance. Considering the increased participation of youth in elite sport, the purpose of this study was to examine the psychophysiological stress of soccer players. This study was conducted with a male team of base category soccer players. The Questionnaire Stress and Recovery for Athletes (RESTQ-76 Sport) was used to determine the current state of stress and recovery of athletes. The salivary cortisol (calculation of AUCg) was used to determine the physiological stress. Athletes showed low scores on stress scales and high scores on recovery scales in both training and competition situations (P≤0.05). Only the recovery scale showed a significant difference between the training situation and the game. The athletes demonstrated good recovery ability, si...
International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education
Comparison of stress vulnerability among the selected team sports2019 •
The objective of the study is to assess the level of stress and to compare the stress vulnerability among the athletes of different team sports i.e., basketball, volleyball, football and hockey. And, also assess, whether the stress vulnerability in a population have equal variances. Method: For the purpose of the study the total of 112 (28 male from each team sports) were selected. The subjects were Inter-University athletes at National level from different team sports i.e. basketball, volleyball, football and hockey. And the age of the subjects were ranged from 17 to 28. For the assessment of the data on the stress vulnerability of selected athletes the questionnaire "Stress Vulnerability Scale" developed by Lyle H. Miller and Alma Dell Smith (1989), Boston University Medical Centre and also cited by Werner W.K. Hoeger, "Lifetime Physical Fitness and Wellness". To find out the Stress Level of selected athletes, descriptive statistics was used, and to examine the significance differences of stress vulnerability between selected sports athletes, one way ANOVA was used and the hypothesis was tested at.05 level of significance. Results: the mean and standard deviation of Stress Vulnerability for selected subjects of team sports i.e., basketball (28.607 ± 8.862), volleyball (27.571 ± 7.480), football (25.607 ± 5.685), hockey (25.321 ± 8.563) respectively. The ANOVA results shows that the p-value for stress vulnerability of selected subjects is greater than 0.05 and hence the F-value is insignificant at 5 % level. This show that the selected team sport having similar tolerance of stress caused by training or any other factors related to the training. Conclusion: There is no difference in the stress vulnerability between the selected sports i.e., basketball, volleyball, football and hockey. And however, less level of stress was found in hockey players as comparison to mean score with the others team sports players. The author further suggest that there should be other factors which might bring insignificant difference between the selected team sports and further study can also be done with other sports or increasing subjects or by increasing other psychological variables to make more understanding the real causes of similarities among the selected sports.
Frontiers in Psychology
Stressors in Indoor and Field Brazilian Soccer: Are They Perceived as a Distress or Eustress?2021 •
Soccer players inescapably live under stress during the sportive career, and many real-life aspects of soccer situations operate in the ongoing performance. This study’s main objective was to elaborate the List of Stressors in Professional Indoor and Field Soccer, a self-report instrument designed to measure the impact of 77 soccer situations upon the sport performance. Participants were 138 indoor and field soccer players from the Brazilian Premier League. Each situation was evaluated on a 7-point scale, ranging from the most negative (−3) to the most positive (+3). Data were analyzed according to the players’ perception of the items: distress or eustress and its intensity, and after that, situations perceived as plus −1 and +1 were compared by time in which they were experienced and distributed among five categories established by the literature: Expectations about the Performance, Personal Factors, Competition Aspects, Training Demands, and Relationship with Significant People. N...
ANALYSIS OF STRESS AND RECOVERY IN THE SPORTING PERFORMANCE OF AMATEUR AMERICAN FOOTBALL ATHLETES (Atena Editora)
ANALYSIS OF STRESS AND RECOVERY IN THE SPORTING PERFORMANCE OF AMATEUR AMERICAN FOOTBALL ATHLETES (Atena Editora)2023 •
American football is a contact sport, which emerged from a rugbye variation and which is based on individual physical strengths and team play, with the objective of advancing to the scoring zone. As it is a high-contact sport, stress among athletes is inevitable; recovery, in turn, is neglected in the training regime. The present study aimed to analyze the perception of stress and recovery in the sports performance of amateur American football athletes through the Restq-Sport-76 questionnaire, using it in an uncontrolled clinical study during a period of 12 months. The same was carried out at the Training Center of the American Football Team Maceió Marechais and 56 male athletes aged between 16 and 36 years were evaluated. The values obtained in the mean of the stress and recovery scales of the experienced athletes were considered moderate levels, while the non-experienced group obtained means of low stress and moderate recovery. It was concluded from this study that the level of recovery from sports stress can be considered satisfactory. Therefore, it is understood as important the development of a state of physical and mental recovery and the identification of their profile, to avoid the deleterious effects of focusing only on training volume. More studies must be carried out in this line, since it is a sport on the rise in Brazil.
British Journal of Sports Medicine
Monitoring stress and recovery: new insights for the prevention of injuries and illnesses in elite youth soccer players2010 •
Biology of Sport
Level of anxiety and results of psychomotor tests in young soccer players of different performance levels2016 •
Although Perceived Stress Scale (PSS, Cohen, Kamarack & Mermelstein, 1983) has been validated and widely used in many domains, there is still no validation in sports by comparing athletes and non-athletes and examining related psychometric indices. The purpose of this study was to examine the measurement invariance of PSS between athletes and non-athletes, and examine construct validity and reliability in the sports contexts. Study 1 sampled 359 college student-athletes (males = 233; females = 126) and 242 non-athletes (males = 124; females = 118) and examined factorial structure, measurement invariance and internal consistency. Study 2 sampled 196 student-athletes (males = 139, females = 57, Mage = 19.88 yrs, SD = 1.35) and examined discriminant validity and convergent validity of PSS. Study 3 sampled 37 student-athletes to assess test-retest reliability of PSS. Results found that 2-factor PSS-10 fitted the model the best and had appropriate reliability. Also, there was a measureme...
Revista de Psicología del …
MONITORING LEVELS OF STRESS AND OVERTRAINING IN AN ELITE BRAZILIAN FEMALE VOLLEYBALL ATHLETE: CASE STUDY2008 •
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