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European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science ISSN: 2501 - 1235 ISSN-L: 2501 - 1235 Available on-line at: www.oapub.org/edu doi: 10.5281/zenodo.438132 Volume 3 │ Issue 3 │ 2017 SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA - EVALUATION STUDIES OF THE AVAILABILITY OF SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Katsran Zalaff, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Agus Kristiyantoi Department of Sport Science, Post-graduate Program, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia Abstract: Sport Development Index is a way to measure the improvement of sport development in a region. This research measures sport development by using sports human resource management in Padang as the indicator. The purpose is to discover the quality of sports human resource management in Padang examined from Sport Development Index and to analyze the availability of sports human resource. This research is conducted in Padang, West Sumatra Province, by taking data from 3 institutions as the scope of studies including the Education Authority, National Sports Committee of Indonesia (KONI), and a local non-formal institution. The research method applies qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative data is collected through observation, document analysis and interview, while the quantitative data is taken by using a norm method of Sport Development Index. The result shows that the number of sport development in Padang based on the index of sports human resource management is 0.00082. According to the Sport Development Index, this number is within the range of 0.000-0.499. It means that sports human resource management belongs to low category quantitatively and qualitatively, or in the other words the quantity is deficient and the quality is low. To conclude, the sport development in Padang belongs to low category, thus the regional government needs to pay more attention and improve the sport development in the city. Keywords: sport development, human resource, Sport Development Index Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved. © 2015 – 2017 Open Access Publishing Group 97 Katsran Zalaff, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Agus Kristiyanto SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA - EVALUATION STUDIES OF THE AVAILABILITY OF SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 1. Introduction The success of development, especially in human resource of a certain area, can be measured partially by observing how the fundamental problems on the society are resolved. The problems consist of poverty, unemployment, illiterateness, food security, and democracy uphold. Concerning this matter, the human development achievements are partially various in which the aspects have both success and fail outcomes. The improvement in sport development is not measured from how much medals won from the national events like National Sport Week. According to National Sport System, the improvement needs to be associated with the human resource or the sport personnel participated in physical activities, the open space, the citizen participation, and the physical fitness of the citizens. All of the aspects are used to measure the sport development with SDI. I took sports human resource since I wanted to discover the sport development in Padang from human resource point of view. Furthermore, the open space is widely dispersed in many areas of the city, the citizen participation is relatively high and the physical fitness is good already. From the reasons above, I write a research entitled Sports Human Resource Management based on the Improvement of Sport Development Index in Padang, West Sumatra . 2. Literature Review Manullang (2002: 3) says that management has 3 definitions, which are a process, a collectivity of people doing management activities, and an art or a knowledge. Here, management as a process also has different meanings. George R. Terry in Soewarno Handayaningrat (1992: 20) mentions that as a process, management distinguishes planning, organizing, actuating the work administration, and controlling by using either the knowledge or art to complete the goals. In this context, management can be defined as a process comprised of those four elements. In accordance with accumulation and globalization, the development of management knowledge creates various opinions for the functions. Untung Nugroho (2015:11) states about the main functions in management, such as planning, organizing, actuating/directing, and controlling. This research employs a framework identifying the common functions of management, which are: European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 3 │ 2017 98 Katsran Zalaff, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Agus Kristiyanto SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA - EVALUATION STUDIES OF THE AVAILABILITY OF SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT A. Planning Charles A. Bucher and March L. Krotee (2002: 9) say that planning is a logical process to analyze the work together purposely by applying certain method and time allocated for the work. Besides, Untung Nugroho (2015: 11) defines that this element is a process to define the purpose of organization, to make strategy to achieve the goal, and to develop the work plan of organization. Terry in Harsuki (2016: 85) mentions that planning is the arrangement of the integrated and predetermined pattern of future activities. B. Organizing This aspect comes from to organize which means conducting and arranging the organization for certain purpose. It also derives from organ , in which Webstre e New Collagiale Dictionary notifies it as organon from ancient Greek. Here, organ means as an instrument or medium used for important activity or accomplishable purpose. In short, to organize means arranging the separated parts to be a complete unity for doing activities or accomplishing the goal. C. Actuating ‚ccording to The Liang Gie in ‚chmad P : , actuating is the manager s activity in commanding, assigning, directing, guiding, and leading the employees or personnel to do the task in order to achieve the settled goal. This element involves with the activity of manager in starting and continuing the task settled within planning and organizing aspects to accomplish the goal. This element intends to actuate the members of organization to feel motivated. D. Controlling This aspect can be defined as a process to apply, evaluate, and correct the finished task to make sure that it is in line with the plan (Manullang, 2002: 173). Nugroho Untung 5: explains this aspect as a controlling activity to keep the organization s performance on the right track and to ensure that the goal can be achieved. Sport Development Index is a combining index which reflects the successfulness of sport development measured from 4 basic dimensions, which are the open space, human resource or sport personnel participated in physical activities, the citizen participation to do regular physical activities, and the physical fitness level of the citizens. Sport pillar in UU No. 3 Year 2005 about sport system mentions that it does not only involve with the achievement but also education and recreation. Regarding this European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 3 │ 2017 99 Katsran Zalaff, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Agus Kristiyanto SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA - EVALUATION STUDIES OF THE AVAILABILITY OF SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT matter, the successfulness is not measured merely by the medals, especially if they are worthless or won from doing improper way. Therefore, Sport Development Index (SDI) emerges as an idea to represent the sport development success and to measure sport development improvement in a region. 3. Research Methodology This research was conducted from December 2016 to January 2017. It belongs to descriptive quantitative research since the substance and the focus concern with sports development studies. The result is presented through numbers. The data collection methods are consisted of observation, interview, and documentation. I focused on the teachers and lecturers of physical education, coaches, instructors, and the referees to observe the availability of sports human resource. I counted the index after I got the numbers. First, I found the actual value by dividing the total amount of sports human resource with the citizens above 7 years old. The maximum value, which is already settled by SDI, is 2, 08 while the minimum value is 0, 00. Then, I counted the results with the formula below: After all the indexes are counted and the whole index value is obtained, the last step is to determine the category or norm of the value index for justification. The employed SDI norm is: Table 1: SDI Norm (Kristiyanto, 2012: 49) Number of Index 0.800-1.000 0.500-0.799 0.000-0.499 European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 3 │ 2017 100 Katsran Zalaff, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Agus Kristiyanto SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA - EVALUATION STUDIES OF THE AVAILABILITY OF SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 4. Results of Research and Discussion Table 2: Sports Human Resource at the Education Authority in Padang Gender Professions PE Teacher Certification Male Female Certificated Non-certificated Elementary School 217 222 185 254 Junior High School 64 37 85 16 High School 84 31 77 38 Lecturer 60 7 45 22 425 297 392 330 Total Table 3: Sports Human Resource at KONI in Padang Gender Professions Certification Male Female Certificated Non-certificated 168 72 112 128 33 21 3 51 Elementary School PE Teacher Junior High School High School Coaches Instructors Referees 278 67 345 0 Total 479 160 460 179 Table 4: Sports Human Resource at a Non Formal Institution in Padang Gender Professions Certification Male Female Certificated Non-certificated 8 0 0 8 33 14 0 47 0 0 0 0 41 14 Elementary School PE Teacher Coaches Instructors Referees Total Junior High School High School 55 The observation results for the sports human resource are gathered from the Education Authority, the National Sports Committee of Indonesia (KONI), and a non-formal institution. They show that the total of the sports human resource in the city is 1416 people and the total of citizens above 7 years old is 845. 915. Thus, the actual value is taken by using the formula of HR index, which is 1416 / 845. 915 = 0.0017. In short, the index result above concludes that the index value of the sports human resource in Padang can be described as: European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 3 │ 2017 101 Katsran Zalaff, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Agus Kristiyanto SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA - EVALUATION STUDIES OF THE AVAILABILITY OF SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Table 5: The Index Value No. Institutions Index Value Criteria 1 Education Authority 0.00041 Low 2 KONI 0.00033 Low 3 Non-formal Institution 0.00003 Low 0.00082 Low Total of Index Value 5. Conclusion Based on the data analysis result, it can be concluded that the value of sport development result measured by Sport Development Index is 0, 00082. The index value is categorized as low. The data also show specific results, such as: 1. The index of sports human resource in Padang measured by Sport Development Index is 0.00082. This number is within the range of 0.000-0.499, means that it belongs to low category. In this context, sports human resource is classified as deficient quantitatively and low qualitatively. 2. The number for the whole availability of sports human resource in Padang is 945 for male and 471 for female, thus the total amount is 1416 people. Acknowledgement Thanks to: Prof. Dr. H. M. Furqon Hidayatullah, M.Pd Prof. Dr. Agus Kristiyanto, M.Pd About the Authors Katsran Zalaff, Student of Sport Science Graduate, Sebelas Maret University of Surakarta, Indonesia. M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Department of Sport Science Studies Program, Graduate Program of Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia. Agus Kristiyanto, Department of Sport Science Studies Program, Graduate Program of Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia. Bibliography 1. Agus Kristiyanto. 2012. Pembangunan Olahraga : untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat 2. BPS. 2014. Padang Dalam Angka, Padang: Badan Pusat Statistik. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 3 │ 2017 102 Katsran Zalaff, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Agus Kristiyanto SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA - EVALUATION STUDIES OF THE AVAILABILITY OF SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 3. BPS. 2014. Padang Dalam Angka, Padang: Badan Pusat Statistik. 4. Bucher A. Charles. Krotee L. March. 2002. Management of physical education and sport. 5. Amercan, New York. McGraw Hill. 6. Bungin, Burhan. 2010. Analisis Data Peneneltian Kualitatif. Jakarta : Raja Grafindo persada 7. Harsuki. 2012. Pengantar Manajemen Olahraga. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada 8. Mutohir, Toho Cholik dan Maksum, Ali. 2007. Sport Development Index: Alternatif Baru Mengukur Kemajuan Pembangunan Bidang Keolahragaan (Konsep, Metodologi dan Aplikasi). Jakarta : Index 9. M. Manullang, 1983. Dasar-dasar Manajemen, Yogyakarta: UGM Press. 10. Soewarno Handayaningrat, 1992, Fungsi Fungsi Manajemen Umum,Yogyakarta: UGM Press European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 3 │ 2017 103 Katsran Zalaff, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Agus Kristiyanto SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA - EVALUATION STUDIES OF THE AVAILABILITY OF SPORTS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Creative Commons licensing terms Authors will retain the copyright of their published articles agreeing that a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) terms will be applied to their work. 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