Cold modalities are widely used after athletic injuries, with known physiological effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of cold-water immersion on physical performance. Thirty healthy volunteers (average age of 19e23 years) took part in this pre-post interventional study. First, participants performed two tasks: a 40-yard dash run (to measure speed) and a vertical jump (to measure lower limb power). Then, both legs were immersed in a water bath at 5 C for 15 min. Following cold-water immersion, the measurements were repeated after 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min. Immediately (2 min) after cold-water immersion, there was a decline in both the vertical jump and 40-yard dash tests compared to pre-intervention scores. While this effect lasted up to 20 min after cryo-therapy for the 40-yard dash test, for the jump test, the effect only remained up to 10 min. The results showed a decrease in physical performance immediately and 20 min after immersion in cold water (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a gradual increase in the level of physical function over time. Therefore, before returning athletes to activity after the use of cold modalities, care should be taken.

One of the most important concerns for coaches and athletes of football field is the limited interval between sport activities for physiological recovery and restore muscle to condition before exercise. Therefore, present study has been conducted aimed at examining the influence of recovering in cold water on some male soccer player's functional and muscle damage indexes, following a quasi-football game, among Arias Athletic and Cultural Club in Tehran, Iran. Statistical population of the current study consists of soccer players ranging from 18 to 29 years of age and statistical sample includes a number of 30 male soccer players available in Arias Athletic and Cultural Club. Recovery in cold water is independent variable and muscular damage indexes include Serum Creatine Kinase and Serum dehydrogenase and functional indexes, including functional power and muscle strength, are considered as dependent variables. Findings of the study indicate that lower CK was seen in group of recovery in cold water than control group after 24 hours of recovery period. Significant reduction in LDH level was only observed for group of recovery in cold water than control one after 24 hours recovery period. After 24 hours recovery period, significant difference was seen in Sargent Jump value for group of recovery in cold water than control one. For hand claw power, type of recovery has no impact on hand power during various steps of measurement.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare two cold water immersion (CWI) protocols, continuous and fractionated, to optimize the recovery of Handball players after on recovery from exercise resulting in exercise-induced muscle damage. Material: Ten male Handball players (age: 15 ± 1.4 years, mass index: 67.2 ± 5.1 kg, height: 176.6 ± 7.30) voluntarily participated in the study. After three 90-minute training sessions (average heart rate 160 ± 15.81, 156 ± 5.53 and 156 ± 12.24 bpm) per week, participants were divided into 03 groups. The first experimental group (GE1) in continuous immersion (CWIC) of (12 minutes, 12± 0.4° C), a second experimental group (GE2) in fractional immersion (CWIF) of (4 x 2 min at 12 ± 0.4° C + 1 min out of water) and a control group (GC) in passive recovery. Body mass indices (BMI), countermovement (Countermovement jump) and muscle pain (Intensity of pain in the thighs) were measured. Results : The results concerning the percentage differences in the...

Summary Study aim: To investigate the effect of cold water immersion (CWI) on muscle damage indexes after simulated soccer activity in young soccer players. Material and methods: Eighteen professional male soccer players were randomly divided into two groups: CWI (n = 10, age 19.3 ± 0.5, body mass index 22.2 ± 1.3) and control (n = 8, age 19.4 ± 0.8, body mass index 21.7 ± 1.5). Both groups performed a simulated 90-minute soccer-specific aerobic field test (SAFT90). Then, the CWI group subjects immersed themselves for 10 minutes in 8°C water, while the control group subjects sat passively for the same time period. Blood samples were taken before, immediately after, 10 minutes, 24 hours and 48 hours after the training session in a fasted state. Blood lactate, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme levels were measured. Results: Lactate, CK and LDH levels increased significantly after training (p &lt; 0.001). There were significant interactions between groups and ...

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a single session of cold or thermoneutral water immersion after a one-off match on muscular dysfunction and damage in soccer players. Twenty-male soccer players completed one match and were randomly divided into cryotherapy (10 min cold water immersion, 10°C, n = 10) and thermoneutral (10 min thermoneutral water immersion, 35°C, n = 10) groups. Muscle damage (creatine kinase, myoglobin), inflammation (C-reactive protein), neuromuscular function (jump and sprint abilities and maximal isometric quadriceps strength), and delayed-onset muscle soreness were evaluated before, within 30 min of the end, and 24 and 48 h after the match. After the match, the players in both groups showed increased plasma creatine kinase activity (30 min, 24 h, 48 h), myoglobin (30 min) and C-reactive protein (30 min, 24 h) concentrations. Peak jump ability and maximal strength were decreased and delayed-onset muscle soreness increased in both groups. However, differential alterations were observed between thermoneutral water and cold water immersion groups in creatine kinase (30 min, 24 h, 48 h), myoglobin (30 min), C-reactive protein (30 min, 24 h, 48 h), quadriceps strength (24 h), and quadriceps (24 h), calf (24 h) and adductor (30 min) delayed-onset muscle soreness. The results suggest that cold water immersion immediately after a one-off soccer match reduces muscle damage and discomfort, possibly contributing to a faster recovery of neuromuscular function.

Objective: Soccer has a reduced overall recovery time. If these situations are not properly controlled they can cause the athlete chronic fatigue, an increase in delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and thus result in a decrease in athletic performance. There are several therapies that have attempted to improve athletic performance, decrease the percentage of injuries and results in soccer. Training and recovery instances are opportunities to find ways to address this issue. Understanding the physiology of recovery is essential to accelerate some processes, with the aim of shortening the times. Subjects: Cryotherapy could improve functional performance tests and decrease pain in soccer players. Our work design is an experimental prospective study. Method: Twenty subjects (10 experimental subjects and 10 control group subjects), between the ages of 17 and 23, who are members of a university men&#39;s soccer team, participated in the study. The following variables were controlled: pow...

Introduction Numerous recovery strategies have been used to minimize performance loss related to delayed onset muscle soreness in athletes, and are part of prevention programs and training of most high-level sports. Objective To analyze the effects of cold-water immersion on delayed-onset muscle soreness, muscle recruitment, and postural control in soccer players. Objective The maximum load of the quadriceps femoris muscle strength was determined. After three days, the pain scale was used to measure the subject’s pain intensity. The recruitment of the quadriceps muscle was determined at the moment of the kick, and was associated with postural control. Methods Randomized, blinded clinical trial study. Two repeated series of maximum load sets at 60% MVC, performed in a knee extension chair, were used to induce quadriceps fatigue in the athletes. Participants Twenty-eight soccer players were allocated to four intervention groups: cold water immersion (CWIG, n = 7), thermoneutral water ...