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The article was a review study. This is an approach which allows the researcher to understand the phenomenon in depth (Karamustafaoglu, 2009). The researchers have adopted the literature review approach to investigate the problem in depth. The structures of literature have been analyzed through the handbooks mostly in the field of teacher education on literacy terms. This was a review study about exploring barriers to literacy from parents and teachers’ perspective. This was linked to the current literature in understanding about the phenomenon which was investigated. This study, therefore, relied on different kinds of literature such as published articles, theses and, books. Majority of them were obtained from research databases such as Web of Science and Google Scholar. Namamba and Rao (2017), and Manzar-Abbas and Lu (2013) followed the same method of review in conducting their review studies. In order to obtain relevant literature, search words such as “barriers to literacy” and “parents and teachers’ perspective” were used. In addition, books on teacher education were also consulted. All the obtained literature was summarized according to the search words of the study. All the obtained literature was cited properly in text and in the list. This allowed the researchers to extract and incorporate key information about exploring barriers to literacy from parents and teachers’ perspective into this article. The studies drawn in this review article reflect the learning about barriers to literacy from parents and teachers’ perspective in diverse directions.
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews
BARRIERS RESPONSIBLE TO FEMALES' LOW LITERACY AT THE PRIMARY LEVEL IN BALOCHISTAN PROVINCE OF PAKISTAN: SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BARRIERS2021 •
Purpose of the study: This study finds the barriers responsible for females' low literacy in the Balochistan province of Pakistan at the primary school level. Methodology: Qualitative research design was applied to this study. Data were collected through the interview tool and were analyzed through a thematic analysis procedure. Results were given in the form of major themes and sub-themes. Main Findings: This study gave 4 major results, which were in the form of four major themes, i.e., lack of basic facilities, lack of qualified teachers, lack of enrolment, and financial constraints. The major themes were categorized into several sub-themes. Applications of this study: This study is beneficial and applicable in Pakistani society. It attracts the attention of the layman and government to focus on female education to make the females literate at the best level. Novelty/Originality of this study: The new aspect of this study was to show the barriers responsible for females' low literacy. It is aware of the readers that lack of basic facilities, lack of qualified teachers, lack of enrolment, and financial constraints are the barriers to females' low literacy. It also advances the existing knowledge and bridges the gap between past and existing knowledge.
The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
Women and Literacy: Promises and Constraints1992 •
a very early consideration of women and literacy
2015 •
The present study was designed to evaluate the perceptions of adult female learners about teachers, content and method of teaching of adult literacy programmes. The design of the study was qualitative and interview protocols along with focus group discussions were applied as research tools. The sample of the study consisted of 94 respondents including 46 adult female neo-literates, 24 literacy teachers 14 supervisors and 10 community workers selected through random and criterion sampling techniques. The data were analyzed by constant comparison method. The major findings were; teacher should treat adult learners respectfully; content of adult literacy should be developed according to the needs and aspirations of learners and teachers should make the teaching learning process interesting. It was suggested that teachers may be trained in andragogical perspectives and content of literacy programmes may be designed after careful and systematic situation analysis of adults’ needs.Present...
Journal of Education and Social Studies
The Factors Affecting Female Literacy Rate in Rural Areas of KechIn the present study, the researchers explored various factors that affected the female literacy rate in rural areas of district Kech. Females are considered to be the first educators of the new generation, and as well as the literacy of females is considered to be a significant symbol for the socio-economic development of any country. However, the nature of the present study was quantitative, and the research type was explanatory and exploratory. The universe of the study was the rural areas of district Kech. And sampling units were the heads of the female primary schools, teachers of female primary schools and parents of the females. Thus, convenience sampling was used to distribute the response, and the data collection tool was a structured questionnaire. The recommended sample was 230. Data were analyzed through SPSS software. The study's findings revealed various factors affecting the female literacy rate in rural areas of district Kech. The factors which affected the femal...
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